GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Mechanisms, Insights, and the Impact of Wegovy and Ozempic on Contemporary Weight Management

Aims: This book chapter aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the unintended consequences of the misuse of Wegovy and Ozempic in weight management, expanding on a previously published review article.

Methodology: The chapter incorporated recent data and insights into the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists for weight management. The data and analysis presented in this chapter are derived from an extensive review of the current literature and clinical studies up to July 2024. This work synthesizes findings from clinical trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and long-term effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists, particularly Wegovy and Ozempic, in both diabetic and non-diabetic populations. It examines the pharmacological mechanisms, dosing considerations, potential drug interactions, and the overall impact on metabolic health.

Results: The chapter highlights that GLP-1 receptor agonists such as Wegovy (Semaglutide) and Ozempic (Semaglutide) are effective in promoting significant weight loss. These agents improve glycemic control and reduce body weight through multifaceted mechanisms, including enhanced insulin secretion, inhibition of glucagon release, delayed gastric emptying, and increased satiety. Clinical evidence shows substantial weight reduction and favorable cardiovascular outcomes in obese individuals. However, the off-label use of these medications for weight management without diabetes raises concerns about safety and long-term effects.

Conclusion: The misuse of Wegovy and Ozempic for weight management, while offering promising results, necessitates careful consideration of potential risks and benefits. Future research should focus on long-term safety profiles, optimal dosing strategies, and monitoring protocols to mitigate adverse effects and maximize therapeutic outcomes in diverse patient populations. This chapter underscores the importance of balancing efficacy with safety in the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists for obesity management.