Examining Conflict Management Strategies Used in Tanzania’s Secondary Schools: A Case in Biharamulo District, Tanzania

The study delves into the pervasive issue of conflicts within secondary schools, emphasizing their inherent nature in human interactions. It emphasizes the vital role of effective conflict management in maintaining a conducive learning environment. The research objectives cover the identification of conflict root causes, assessment of implemented strategies, and their impacts, and provision of recommendations for improved conflict management approaches in schools. Employing qualitative methodology, the study utilizes in-depth interviews, group discussions, and document reviews to collect data. Findings reveal the persistence of conflicts, notably attributed to the lack of a universally accepted resolution framework. Ad hoc methods are employed, lacking consistency and alignment with specific conflict natures, resulting in profound consequences such as student dropout, prolonged conflicts, fear, resentment, and hindered academic progress. The study recommends government intervention in training teachers, rigorous evaluation of school administrators' qualifications, and improvements in teacher welfare coupled with strict punitive measures for teachers’ inappropriate behavior. It concludes by highlighting the ongoing nature of conflicts and the urgent need for a practical approach, urging schools to prioritize understanding conflict causes, implementing effective management actions, and prioritizing the well-being of both teachers and students.