Analysis of the Dynamics of Vegetation in the Sudan-Sahelian Zone: Case of the Moutourwa Agricultural Production Basin, Far-North Cameroon

The Moutourwa area in the Far North region of Cameroon is facing a deterioration of its climatic conditions. In this part of the Sudano-Sahelian zone, the soils are fragile and agriculture is not very productive due to various droughts. The statistical analysis study of climatic variability based on satellitic data in the area aims to analyze the dynamics of vegetation. This involves studying the spatio-temporal dynamics of vegetation using vegetation indices. The approach adopted to carry out this study is based on the descriptive statistics of the MODIS NDVI data series from the period 2010 to 2020. The study also analyzes the VCI drought indices in this study area. It appears from these analyzes that the year 2012 has the high average and the year 2015, the lowest average of our study period with 0.51 and 0.274 respectively. The years 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2018 and 2019 remained around an average of 0.3. The observation of drought indices such as the VCI examines the fluctuation of their values characteristic of the heterogeneity of the vegetation state.