Hydrolysate Protein Production from Catfish with Understanding of the Potential Antioxidant Activity

This chapter identifies the way of producing Hydrolysate protein from the sailfin catfish, scientifically known as Pterygoplichthys pardalis which is a freshwater fish belonging to the Loricariidae family. Catfish is considered one of the invasive species in Indonesia but the effectiveness of this fish is unrevealed till now. for this reason, we use this fish as the raw material for protein hydrolysate. Protein hydrolysate is the process of breaking down the protein into amino acids through the reaction of hydrolysis facilitated by acids, bases or enzymes.

The selected sample (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) was collected from a river located in Blitar Regency, East Java, Indonesia. The catfish specimens were thoroughly rinsed with water to eliminate any impurities and subsequently transported to the laboratory in a temperature-controlled container maintained at 4°C.

The experiment of hydrolysis involved different levels of pH (control, 5,7, 9). Two different durations (12 and 24 hours) were selected for implementing the hydrolysis process and each was replicated three times. This experiment selected a few parameters that include yield, antioxidant activity, degree of hydrolysis, protein levels, and ash content. These parameters were extensively impacted (p <0.05) by the time of hydrolysis, pH and their interactions.

It can be concluded that the most significant effect (p < 0.05) has been shown by the moisture content, pH and the duration of hydrolysis although their interactions did not (p > 0.05). It has been observed that the pH treatment (p < 0.05) has significantly affected the Fat content. Therefore, it can be concluded that a pH of 9 and a duration of 24 hours were the optimal conditions that can produce fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) from sailfin catfish.