THE INFLUENCE OF THE SALINITY AND WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS ON SOME BARLEY CULTIVARS AND ITS ASSOCIATED WEEDS

In Egypt barley cultivated in new and outlying lands, its yield and quality affected by salinity as abiotic and weeds as biotic stresses which constraints to barley production. Two lysimeter experiments were conducted during seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 winter seasons. In the present work, studied four saline water levels (2.33,4,8 and 12dSm-1) to distinguish the salinity stress tolerance among four of Egyptian barley cultivars (Giza 123, Giza 132, Giza 137 and Giza 138), in addition to find a suitable weed control treatments under salinity stress using three factors in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications The main findings illustrated that four SSR primers (Bmac 0040, EBmac0871, Bmag 135 and Bmag 770) were generated clear patterns with the high polymorphism (100%); and enable plant breeders to select individual plants based on their marker pattern (genotype) rather than their observable traits (phenotype). Using Bmag 770, amplified specific allele with molecular size 260 bp found in the salt tolerance cultivars (Giza 123 and Giza 137) as a tolerant to salinity. Each of the three studied factors (salinity, weed stress and weed control treatments) individually and their interactions had a significant effect on weed populations and on barley yield economically. The interaction among the factors of the trial and the recommended of the two herbicides (bromoxynil octanoate at 1 L fed-1) +( clodinafop propargyl 2.5% + Pinoxaden 2.5%) at 0. 5 L fed-1) gave the highest means of the characters studied and economic criteria. Therefore, these interactions could be recommended in barley farms to achieve reduction in weed growth under saline conditions and harmful effect of them and boosting barley plantations productivity as well. Economic criteria display that Giza 137 is a good choice cultivar for salinity soil because of its high weed tolerance ability (WTA) and Giza 123 good cultivar for grown in salinity soil but it poor WAT so advised to using by herbicides as weed management to reduce weeds population and increase yield toward increasing farmer’s income under salinity soil area.