AMINOGLYCOSIDE AND BETA–LACTAM RESISTANCE PATTERN AMONG GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI (GNB) ISOLATED FROM EGYPTIAN HOSPITALS BETWEEN 2012-2014

Aims: Antibiotic resistance is a problem of deep scientific concern both in hospital and community settings. The present study aims to monitor the prevalence of aminoglycoside and beta-lactam antibiotics resistance of Cairo, Egypt.

Methodology and Results: A total of 210 bacterial strains were isolated from urine, wound, sputum, endotracheal tube (ETT), pus and blood, which recovered from three hospitals and Central health laboratories during four periods between May 2012 to March 2014. All the isolates were Gram negative bacilli (GNB), the most prevalent pathogen were E. coli, 88 isolates (41.90%) including E. coli–ESBL, 11 (5.23%), Klebsiella spp., 57 isolates (27.14%) including Klebsiella spp.–ESBL, 4 (1.90%), Pseudomonas spp. (17.61%), Acinetobacter spp. (8.09%), Proteus spp. (2.85%), Enterobacter spp. (1.42%) and (0.47%) for both of Citrobacter spp. and Morganella spp. The most efficient penicillin (Beta-lactam) antibiotic was Imipenem (IPM) and the most efficient cephalosporin (Beta-lactam) antibiotic was the combination between cefoperazone/sulbactam (CES), while the most efficient aminoglycoside antibiotic was Amikin (AK). The most resistant bacterial isolated strains E. coli MAM-24 and Klebsiella spp. MAM-16 were resistant to nearly all the tested antibiotics were exposed to gamma radiation to get rid of them. Gamma radiation reduced the viable count of the two resistant strains gradually. Klebsiella spp. MAM-16 strain was more resistant to gamma radiation while E. coli MAM-24 was more sensitive.