Dental Stem Cells on Novel Scaffold for Repairing the Bone Defect in Experimental Animals

A dental stem cells have been proven to be a prospective tool for the treatment of bone loss. This
study has been implemented to evaluate osteogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells from children
per se and in combination with growth factor applied in induced critical bony defects in the mandible of
dogs
Aims: In vitro differentiation of dental stem cells from children’s exfoliated primary teeth into
osteogenic potentials, to be implanted on a proper scaffold and to evaluate & compare histologically
the effect of dental pulp stem cells when used per se & in combination with growth factor on healing of
induced bone defect in dogs.
Methods: SHED were isolated from dental pulp of exfoliated deciduous teeth and analyzed.
Proliferative capacity of cultured cells was analyzed using a cell counting. The biological
characteristics of SHEDs, Absorbable scaffold and Growth Factors were determined in vitro.
Mineralization was evaluated histologically and radiographically.
Results: The histological specimen after twelve weeks revealed advanced network of anastomosing
bony trabeculae with continuity with the old original bone. The newly formed bone appeared more
organized newly formed bones. Photomicrograph of bone defect of the control group showing newly
bone formed (arrows) in the bone defect and lacunae of osteocytes (L) and large space of fibrous
bone marrow (H&E x200) while in SHED and GF in scaffolds showing newly bone formed (arrows) in
the bone defect, osteocytes (OC) inside their lacunae and bone marrow (BM) is wide. Osteoblasts
(OB) rimming denoting active bone formation (H&E x200).
Conclusion: Transplantation of SHED with scaffolds and GF can serve as an example of a cellbased
treatment for bone regeneration in skeletal defects. Our data suggest that mineralized collagen
is a promising candidate for using it as a scaffold in tissue engineering of bone.