Risk Factors Predicting Prognosis in Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury in Pediatrics in Tanta University Hospital

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is well recognized as the primary cause of mortality and impairment in cases of pediatric trauma. TBI is the prevailing cause of both disability and mortality associated with trauma in children within industrialized nations. The objective of this research was to identify radiological and clinical criteria indicators that might serve as prognostic factors for pediatric patients with severe and moderate TBI.

Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on hundred fifty pediatric individuals younger than eighteen years old with severe and moderate TBI within twenty-four hours. The obtained computerized tomography (CT) and clinical data findings were compared with outcome and the outcome categorized into unfavourable and favourable. Unfavourable defined as death, deterioration in Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and discharge with severe disability. Favourable defined as discharging without complications.

Results: GSC, hypotension, hypoxia, unequal pupil, WBCs, and some of the CT findings were demonstrated to be statistically important linked with unfavourable findings.

Conclusions: Low initial GCS score, Hypotension, hypoxia, unequal pupil, hemiplegia, and the presence of midline shift or subdural haemorrhage of five mm or more in the initial CT were found to be poor prognostic factors.