Psychometric Evaluation of Self-Efficacy for Pain & Disability among Chronic Pain Patients

The primary goal of this paper is to highlight the importance of using SE to treat chronic pain and impairment. Recent research indicates that coping mechanisms play a significant role in chronic pain adaptation. Pain is often subjective in that each person learns to apply the word through his or her own experience. Self-efficacy (SE), a psychological concept defined as one's confidence in carrying out a specific activity, is devoted to prescribed medications, along with pain coping mechanisms in individuals who have chronic pain. Varieties of physical and psychological causes are believed to lead to increased impairment in patients with chronic pain. Pain severity is correlated with physical activity and shown to have a pessimistic association with going back to work in patients with chronic lower back pain. In females with knee OA (KOA), a rise in pain frequency and intensity and a fall in self-efficacy (SE) for baseline functional activities predicted a two-year decline in walking efficiency. The SE of the lower baseline also predicted reduced stair climbing efficiency. SE beliefs are a significant determinant of coping habits. This article reviews the theory of SE, the importance of application of SE in treating chronic pain & disability.